What Is a Switch?

• A switch is a networking device that connects devices (computers, printers, etc.) within the same network.
• Unlike a router, it operates within a single network and doesn’t connect different networks.

How Does a Switch Work?

1. Receives a Frame: A switch operates at Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) and uses MAC addresses.
2. Checks Its MAC Table: It checks its internal MAC table to find the port associated with the destination MAC address.
3. Forwards the Frame: Sends the frame only to the specific port (unlike a hub, which broadcasts to all devices).

Key Features of a Switch:

• Efficient Communication: Sends data only to the intended recipient, not to all devices.
• Improves Network Performance: Reduces collisions and improves bandwidth efficiency.
• Managed vs. Unmanaged:
  • Managed switches can be configured (e.g., VLANs).
  • Unmanaged switches are plug-and-play.

Example:

• In an office, all computers are connected to a switch to share files and access printers.